ECE291 Computer Engineering II Lockwood, Spring 1999

Team Members:

 Nikhil Tilwalli - physical conceptualization and subsequent algorithm development (including use of FPU), file output
Shelly Henry - physical conceptualization and subsequent algorithm development (including use of FPU), file output
Shyam Kurup - input, VESA graphics, protected mode implementation (and NASM syntax conversion)
Peter J. Arialis - input, VESA graphics, protected mode implementation (and NASM syntax conversion)

Introduction:

 Our goal is to implement a raytracer, in 32-bit protected mode, at a resolution of 1024x768 with 24-bit (true) color. A raytracer traces individual rays of light from a light source to objects, and the objects are shaded according to the perspective of the viewer. The objects (primitives) will be spheres, cylinders, and planes. The user will be able to specify up to five of each of these (15 total primitives) and their properties.

Problem
Description:

 There are many aspects that make this project challenging. The algorithms for raytracing are complex and must use the FPU. We have to familiarize ourselves with 32-bit protected mode programming (as opposed to real mode programming, which we have used in all of our MP's). For graphics, we are using 1024x768 pixels, with 24-bit (true) color. This is a VESA mode, which also was not touched upon, in any of our MP's.

Proposed
Implementation:

 Input (for type, number, location, etc. of primitives and the light source) is obtained from user, via keyboard, and stored in light source, sphere, cylinder, and plane structures. A buffer is allocated in memory, which will store the raytraced image. The video mode is set to 1024x768x24bpp (VESA). Raytracing algoritms are called to read input, and perform calculations by calling appropiate procedures, based on primitve attributes. After calculations are completed and ImageBuffer is filled, DrawScreen is called to transfer the image to video memory (display on screen), using bank-switching procedures. The image remains on the screen until the user presses a key.

Actual
Implementation:

 The algorithms were written in real mode, and upon conversion to 32-bit protected mode (and NASM syntax) functioned somewhat erratically. That is, whenever the primitives were displaced in the x-direction (the y-direction and z-direction worked properly), screen anomalies were noted. After _much_ scrutiny, we were unable to determine the source of these problems. Therefore, our final program runs in real mode and outputs to a BMP file (we decided to move to 640x480x24bpp BMP, to make smaller AVI demos). Input is still obtained from the user via keyboard. AVI's were made from individual BMP files generated from the program and are included with the program. We also include "pmode.exe" in the program directory to demonstrate proper 32-bit protected mode and 1024x768x24bpp VESA execution, with a shaded sphere in the center of the screen (where the anomalies are not noted). The user can input a light source location (x=0.00, y=0.00, z=-10.00 is recommended).

Screen Shots:

Procedures:

ShortestIntersect
  • Input:
    		• the 5 sphere,
    5 cylinder,
    and 5 plane objects
  • Output:
    		• the index of the object which is closest and the intersection
    points which corresond to the object
  • Purpose:
    		• to coordinate which active object was used to calculate which
    pixel on the screen. this procedure figures out which object
    is closest to the viewer for a specific pixel and uses that
    intersection point to calculate the intersection point
  • Author(s):
    		• Nikhil


    CalcWritePixel
  • Input:
    		• PixelIntensity - variable Real4 - gave diffuse pixel intensity
    Specularity - the specular component of the objects
    Dk - Real4 - the diffuse coefficient of intensity
    Sk - Real4 - The specular coefficient of intensity
    ObjRedColor - red color of intersect obj
    ObjGreenColor - green color of intersect obj
    ObjBlueColor - blue color of intersect obj
  • Output:
    		• BMP array with the proper shading on the intensity based
    bases on the inputs
  • Purpose:
    		• given a buffer of memory, writes the rgb values of
    the desired pixel into the buffer at the appropriate
    location
  • Author(s):
    		• Nikhil


    ReadWriteHeader
  • Input:
    		• a BMP file
  • Output:
    		• a BMP file
  • Purpose:
    		• to read a BMP file header then write it back
    to where it came from in the file so that the
    file pointer moves to the first location where
    pixels are to be held
  • Author(s):
    		• Nikhil


    WriteArray
  • Input:
    		• the BMP file handle
    BufferByteCtr variable - word
  • Output:
    		• file is written with BufferByteCtr # of bytes
  • Purpose:
    		• write BMP array to the file...64k each time
  • Author(s):
    		• Nikhil


    InitializeVars
  • Input:
    		• Sphere...variable
    Rod...variable
    Flats...variable
  • Output:
    		• updated struct values for the spheres, cylinders,
    and planes
  • Purpose:
    		• initializes struct objects to the values specified in
    variables defined specifically designed for this
    initializaton
  • Author(s):
    		• Nikhil


    SphereCalcIntensity
  • Input:
    		• ShortBall struct
    LightRay struct
    SphereNorm struct
    Bulb struct
    Xint
    Yint
    Zint
  • Output:
    		• PixelIntensity - Real4
    IntensityInt - word
  • Purpose:
    		• to calculate the diffuse intensity showing on a sphere
    object because of incident light
  • Author(s):
    		• Nikhil


    CylinderCalcIntensity
  • Input:
    		• ShortRod struct
    LightRay struct
    CylNorm struct
    Bulb struct
    Xint
    Yint
    Zint
  • Output:
    		• PixelIntensity - Real4
    IntensityInt - word
  • Purpose:
    		• to calculate the diffuse intensity showing on a cylinder
    object because of incident light
  • Author(s):
    		• Nikhil


    PlaneCalcIntensity
  • Input:
    		• ShortFlats struct
    LightRay struct
    Bulb struct
    Xint
    Yint
    Zint
  • Output:
    		• PixelIntensity - Real4
    IntensityInt - word
  • Purpose:
    		• to calculate the diffuse intensity showing on a plane
    object because of incident light
  • Author(s):
    		• Nikhil


    ChangeControl
  • Input:
    		• none
  • Output:
    		• changed control word
  • Purpose:
    		• change the floating point control word to trucate instead of round
  • Author(s):
    		• Nikhil


    RestoreControl
  • Input:
    		• OrigCWord variable where orig is stored
  • Output:
    		• none
  • Purpose:
    		• change control word back to rounding
  • Author(s):
    		• Nikhil


    FloatPower
  • Input:
    		• AlphaT - the alpha variable of and object
    Base - an input from the user again
  • Output:
    		• Specularity - Real4 the specularity coefficient
  • Purpose:
    		• calculate the power function of a float to a float
    as long as the numbers are very small
  • Author(s):
    		• Nikhil
  • Comments:
    		• the FPU does not have a float to a float op so we
    needed to make one using the log functions on the
    FPU. Brandon Tipp helped on this one. thanks.


    SphereReflectRayCalc
  • Input:
    		• SphereNorm struct
    LightRay struct
  • Output:
    		• ReflectRay struct
  • Purpose:
    		• calculate the reflected ray of an incident light ray on a sphere
    which is used in specular intensity calculations
  • Author(s):
    		• Nikhil


    CylReflectRayCalc
  • Input:
    		• CylNorm struct
    LightRay struct
  • Output:
    		• ReflectRay struct which has the reflected ray vector components
  • Purpose:
    		• calculate the reflected ray of an incident light ray on a cylinder
  • Author(s):
    		• Nikhil


    PlaneReflectRayCalc
  • Input:
    		• ShortFlats struct
    LightRay struct
  • Output:
    		• ReflectRay struct
  • Purpose:
    		• calculate the reflected ray of an incident light ray on a plane
    which is used in specular intensity calculations
  • Author(s):
    		• Nikhil


    SphereSpecIntensity
  • Input:
    		• ShortBall struct
    Ray struct
    ReflectRay struct
  • Output:
    		• Specularity
  • Functions
    called:
    		• SphereReflectRayCalc
    FloatPower
  • Purpose:
    		• to calculate the specular intensity at an intersection
    point of a sphere given it is the closest to the
    observer.
  • Author(s):
    		• Nikhil (with help from Shelly)


    CylinderSpecIntensity
  • Input:
    		• ShortRod struct
    Ray struct
    ReflectRay struct
  • Output:
    		• Specularity
  • Functions
    called:
    		• CylinderRayCalc
    FloatPower
  • Purpose:
    		• to calculate the specular intensity at an intersection
    point of a cylinder given it is the closest to the
    observer.
  • Author(s):
    		• Nikhil (with help from Shelly)


    PlaneSpecIntensity
  • Input:
    		• ShortFlats struct
    Ray struct
    ReflectRay struct
  • Output:
    		• Specularity
  • Functions
    called:
    		• PlaneReflectRayCalc
    FloatPower
  • Purpose:
    		• to calculate the specular intensity at an intersection
    point of a plane given it is the closest to the
    observer.
  • Author(s):
    		• Nikhil (with help from Shelly)


    CalcIntersectSphere
  • Input:
    		• IntersectBall
    Origin0
    Ray
  • Output:
    		• Tcurrent
    Xintcurrent
    Yintcurrent
    Zintcurrent
    IntFlag
  • Purpose:
    		• calculate the intersection point and the distance between the
    ray and the sphere.
  • Author(s):
    		• Shelly


    CalcIntersectCylinder
  • Input:
    		• IntersectRod
    Origin0
    Ray
  • Output:
    		• Tcurrent
    Xintcurrent
    Yintcurrent
    Zintcurrent
    IntFlag
    SecInt
  • Purpose:
    		• calculate the intersection point and the distance between the
    ray and the cylinder.
  • Author(s):
    		• Shelly


    CalcIntersectPlane
  • Input:
    		• IntersectFlats
    Origin0
    Ray
  • Output:
    		• Tcurrent
    Xintcurrent
    Yintcurrent
    Zintcurrent
    IntFlag
  • Purpose:
    		• calculate the intersection point and the distance between the
    ray and the plane.
  • Author(s):
    		• Shelly


    CalcDir
  • Input:
    		• Origin0
    Ray
  • Output:
    		• RayshiftX
    RayshiftY
    RayshiftZ
    Ray.Xdir
    Ray.Ydir
    Ray.Zdir
  • Purpose:
    		• calculate the direction cosines for the current pixel and the
    shifted coordinates.
  • Author(s):
    		• Shelly


    Shadow
  • Input:
    		• Xint
    Yint
    Zint
    bulb
  • Output:
    		• shadowfl
  • Functions
    called:
    		• calls all intersect procedures
    calls all the load procedures
  • Purpose:
    		• checks if it is a shadow region and set the shadow flag
  • Author(s):
    		• Shelly


    Load procedures (a collection of 15 procedures)
  • Input:
    		• sphere center coordinates & radius
    or cylinder center and radius
    or plane equation coefficients and constant
  • Output:
    		• Intersectball
    or Intersectrod
    or Intersectflats
  • Purpose:
    		• loads the CurrentBall or CurrentRod or CurrentFlats with the
    variable values.
  • Author(s):
    		• Shelly


    GetInput
  • Input:
    		• none
  • Output:
    		• writes to sphere, cylinder, and plane objects
    based on user input
  • Purpose:
    		• obtain input from user (via keyboard) about the
    number, type, and attributes of primitives to draw.
  • Author(s):
    		• Pete and Shyam


    OneSphereInput
  • Input:
    		• none
  • Output:
    		• a Sphere object
  • Purpose:
    		• obtains the input from user for attributes of one sphere
  • Author(s):
    		• Pete and Shyam


    OneCylinderInput
  • Input:
    		• none
  • Output:
    		• a Cylinder object
  • Purpose:
    		• obtains the input from user for attributes of one cylinder
  • Author(s):
    		• Pete and Shyam


    OnePlaneInput
  • Input:
    		• none
  • Output:
    		• a Plane object
  • Purpose:
    		• obtains the input from user for attributes of one plane
  • Author(s):
    		• Pete and Shyam


    ConvertFloatInput
  • Input:
    		• InputString
  • Output:
    		• FloatInput
  • Purpose:
    		• converts ASCII string to float
  • Author(s):
    		• Pete and Shyam


    ConvertIntegerInput
  • Input:
    		• InputString
  • Output:
    		• IntegerInput
  • Purpose:
    		• converts ASCII string to integer
  • Author(s):
    		• Pete and Shyam


    ReadOneLineInput
  • Input:
    		• none
  • Output:
    		• InputString
  • Purpose:
    		• one line of user input is stored in InputString
  • Author(s):
    		• Pete and Shyam


    WaitForEscapeKey
  • Input:
    		• none
  • Output:
    		• none
  • Purpose:
    		• waits for the user to hit the escape key or 'q'
  • Author(s):
    		• Pete and Shyam



    DOSXIT and DSPMSG were used from LIB291



    Some Additional Procedures Used In "pmode.exe"

    Main
  • Input:
    		• none
  • Output:
    		• none
  • Purpose:
    		• program execution begins here
  • Author(s):
    		• Shyam


    SetVideoMode
  • Input:
    		• none
  • Output:
    		• none
  • Purpose:
    		• sets video card to VESA 1024x768 with 24-bit color
  • Author(s):
    		• Pete


    SetVideoBank
  • Input:
    		• DX - a number in the range (0, 47)
  • Output:
    		• none
  • Purpose:
    		• sets the active 64k bank on the video card
  • Author(s):
    		• Pete


    AllocateImageBuffer
  • Input:
    		• none
  • Output:
    		• none
  • Purpose:
    		• allocates memory for ImageBuffer
  • Author(s):
    		• Shyam


    FillBuffer
  • Input:
    		• none
  • Output:
    		• ImageBuffer
  • Purpose:
    		• debugging function that fills ImageBuffer
  • Author(s):
    		• Pete


    DrawScreen
  • Input:
    		• none
  • Output:
    		• none
  • Purpose:
    		• draws image stored in ImageBuffer to screen
  • Author(s):
    		• Pete


    Data Structures:

    		 

    Sphere STRUC
     Xc        Real4     -4.69926
     Yc        Real4     3.52445
     Zc        Real4     -7.3426
     Rad       Real4     3.0
     Alp       Real4     40.0
     Dk        Real4     1.0
     Lk        Real4     1.0
     Sk        Real4     0.0
     RColor    dw        0
     GColor    dw        255
     BColor    dw        255
     Active    dw        0
     Index     dw        ?


Cylinder STRUC
     Xc        Real4     0.0 
     Yc        Real4     0.0
     Zc        Real4     -8.2
     Radius    Real4     1.2
     Height    Real4     1.5
     Dk        Real4     1.0
     Lk        Real4     1.0
     Sk        Real4     0.0
     Alp       Real4     20.0
     RColor    dw        255
     GColor    dw        0
     BColor    dw        255
     Active    dw        0
     Index     dw        ?


Plane STRUC
     Xcoef     Real4     1.0
     Ycoef     Real4     0.0
     Zcoef     Real4     1.0
     Const     Real4     -20.0
     NormMag   Real4     ?
     Xunit     Real4     ?
     Yunit     Real4     ?
     Zunit     Real4     ?
     Dk        Real4     1.0
     Lk        Real4     1.0
     Sk        Real4     0.0
     Alp       Real4     20.0
     RColor    dw        255
     GColor    dw        255
     BColor    dw        0
     Active    dw        0
     Index     dw        ?


Origin STRUC
     xOrig     Real4     0.0
     yOrig     Real4     0.0
     zOrig     Real4     0.0


PixelRay STRUC
     x         Real4     0.0
     y         Real4     0.0
     z         Real4     -5.0
     Xdir      Real4     ?
     Ydir      Real4     ?
     Zdir      Real4     ?
     dist      Real4     ?      
         

LSource STRUC
     Xl        Real4     0.0
     Yl        Real4     2.0
     Zl        Real4     0.0


Vector STRUC
     Xcomp     Real4     0.0
     Ycomp     Real4     0.0
     Zcomp     Real4     0.0
     NormMag   Real4     0.0
     Xunit     Real4     0.0
     Yunit     Real4     0.0
     Zunit     Real4     0.0


SNormV STRUC
     Xcomp     Real4     0.0
     Ycomp     Real4     0.0
     Zcomp     Real4     0.0
     NormMag   Real4     0.0
     Xunit     Real4     0.0
     Yunit     Real4     0.0
     Zunit     Real4     0.0


OLSourceV STRUC
     Xcomp     Real4     0.0
     Ycomp     Real4     0.0
     Zcomp     Real4     0.0
     NormMag   Real4     0.0
     Xunit     Real4     0.0
     Yunit     Real4     0.0
     Zunit     Real4     0.0


CurrentBank    dw        0

TempInput      dw        0

FloatInput     Real4     0.0

IntegerInput   dw        0

BallPointer    dw        0

RodPointer     dw        0

FlatsPointer   dw        0
               
NumCharacters  db        0

InputString    db        25 dup('0')
               
TwoLines       db        0Ah,0Dh,0Ah,0Dh,'$'

NumSpheresMsg  db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'How Many Spheres Would You Like?'
               db        ' (0-5)', 0Dh,0Ah,'$'

NumCylindersMsg db       0Dh,0Ah
                db       'How Many Cylinders Would You Like?'
                db       ' (0-5)', 0Dh,0Ah,'$'

NumPlanesMsg   db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'How Many Planes Would You Like?'
               db        ' (0-5)', 0Dh,0Ah,'$'

InputErrorMsg  db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'Input Is Invalid - Program Terminating'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

XcMsg          db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'Enter the x-coordinate of the center'
               db        ' (-10.00 to 10.00)'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'
          
YcMsg          db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'Enter the y-coordinate of the center'
               db        ' (-10.00 to 10.00)'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

ZcMsg          db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'Enter the z-coordinate of the center'
               db        ' (-10.00 to 10.00)'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

RadiusMsg      db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'Enter the radius'
               db        ' (0.00 to 20.00)'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

XcoefMsg       db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'Enter the x-coefficient of the plane equation'
               db        ' (1.00 to 20.00)'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'
          
YcoefMsg       db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'Enter the y-coefficient of the plane equation'
               db        ' (1.00 to 20.00)'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

ZcoefMsg       db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'Enter the z-coefficient of the plane equation'
               db        ' (1.00 to 20.00)'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

ConstMsg       db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'Enter the constant of the plane equation'
               db        ' (-20.00 to -5.01)'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

RedMsg         db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'Enter the amount of red'
               db        ' (0 to 255)'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

BlueMsg        db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'Enter the amount of blue'
               db        ' (0 to 255)'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

GreenMsg       db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'Enter the amount of green'
               db        ' (0 to 255)'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

KdMsg          db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'Enter the coefficient of diffusivity'
               db        ' (0.00 to 1.00)'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

KsMsg          db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'Enter the coefficient of specularity'
               db        ' (0.00 to 1.00)'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

AlphaMsg       db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'Enter the alpha value'
               db        ' (0.00 to 99.99)'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

CylHeightMsg   db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'Enter the height of the cylinder'
               db        ' (0.00 to 10.00)'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

XlMsg          db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'Enter the x-coordinate of the light source'
               db        ' (-99.99 to 99.99)'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

YlMsg          db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'Enter the y-coordinate of the light source'
               db        ' (-99.99 to 99.99)'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

ZlMsg          db        0Dh,0Ah
               db        'Enter the z-coordinate of the light source'
               db        ' (-99.99 to 99.99)'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

CreditsMsg     db        0Dh, 0Ah
               db        'RAYTRACER'
               db        0Dh, 0Ah
               db        'Nikhil Tilwalli - Raytracing algorithms, Primitive Sorting, BMP files'
               db        0Dh, 0Ah
               db        'Shelly Henry - Raytracing algorithms, Primitive Sorting, BMP files'
               db        0Dh, 0Ah
               db        'Peter Arialis - Protected Mode, Graphics, Input'
               db        0Dh, 0Ah
               db        'Shyam Kurup - Protected Mode, Graphics, Input'
               db        0Dh, 0Ah, '$'

FileNameMsg    db        0Dh, 0Ah
               db        'Please Enter Pathname of .bmp file to use'
               db        0Dh, 0Ah, '(Must be already created file)'
               db        0Dh, 0Ah, '$'

NumOfSpheres   db        0
NumOfCylinders db        0
NumOfPlanes    db        0

HeaderArray    db        60 dup (0)

errormsg       db        'Error: file not opened'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

goodmsg        db        'File was opened successfully'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

goodclose      db        'File closed'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

filenotclosed  db        'No file close'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

didnotread     db        'No read'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

didnotwrite    db        'No write'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

didread        db        'Read done'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

didwrite       db        'Write done'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'

message        db        'a'
               db        0Dh,0Ah,'$'


writetest      db        30 dup (0)
HANDLE         dw        0
FileOpenVar    db        0
ReadErr        db        0
WriteErr       db        0
MaxFileSize    dd        921600
MaxBufferSize  dw        49152
FileByteCtr    dd        0


RedColor       dw        150
GreenColor     dw        150
BlueColor      dw        150

BufferByteCtr  dw        49152

A              Real4     1.0
B              Real4     ?
Cr             Real4     ?
Discr          Real4     ?
Comp           dw        ?
ScDist         Real4     ?
BallshiftXc    Real4     ?
BallshiftYc    Real4     ?
BallshiftZc    Real4     ?

Ymin           dw        ?
Ymax           dw        ?
Ycheck         dw        ?

RodshiftXc     Real4     ?
RodshiftYc     Real4     ?
RodshiftZc     Real4     ?

Numerator      Real4     ?
Denominator    Real4     ?

RaysaveXc      Real4     ?
RaysaveYc      Real4     ?
RaysaveZc      Real4     ?
shadowfl       db        0
RayshiftX      Real4     ?
RayshiftY      Real4     ?
RayshiftZ      Real4     ?

Ltux           Real4     0.0
Ltuy           Real4     0.0
Ltuz           Real4     0.0

Opux           Real4     0.0
Opuy           Real4     0.0
Opuz           Real4     0.0

Snux           Real4     0.0
Snuy           Real4     0.0
Snuz           Real4     0.0

Rux            Real4     0.0
Ruy            Real4     0.0
Ruz            Real4     0.0

bxc            Real4     0.0
byc            Real4     0.0
bz             Real4     0.0
bn             Real4     0.0
bxu            Real4     0.0
byu            Real4     0.0
bzu            Real4     0.0

lx             Real4     0.0
ly             Real4     0.0
lz             Real4     0.0
ln             Real4     0.0
lxu            Real4     0.0
lyu            Real4     0.0
lzu            Real4     0.0
IntensityInt   dw        0
Xcoord         Real4     -3.21
Ycoord         Real4     2.41
checkw         Real4     0.0

Hundredth      Real4     0.01
ThreePt2       Real4     3.20
NegTwoPt4      Real4     -2.40
NegThreePt21   Real4     -3.21     ; ystart coord
TwoPt41        Real4     2.41      ;xstart coord
two            Real4     2.0
four           Real4     4.0
hundred        Real4     100.0
Thousand       Real4     1000.0
TenThousand    Real4     10000.0
point5         Real4     0.75
TwoFiftyFive   Real4     255.0
Zero           Real4     0.0
Three          Real4     3.0
Twenty         Real4     20.0
HundredThousand Real4    100000.0

IntFlag        db        0
T              Real4     ?
PixelIntensity Real4     0.0

check          dw        ?
check2         Real4     ?
flag           db        'Intensity starts after here'

ShadowFlag     db        1

SourceX        Real4     0.0
SourceY        Real4     0.0
SourceZ        Real4     0.0

SphereActive0  dw        0
SphereXc0      Real4     -2.1
SphereYc0      Real4     1.0
SphereZc0      Real4     -5.5
SphereRad0     Real4     0.5
SphereDk0      Real4     1.0
SphereSk0      Real4     0.5
SphereAlp0     Real4     10.0
SphereRColor0  dw        255
SphereGColor0  dw        255
SphereBColor0  dw        0

SphereActive1  dw        0
SphereXc1      Real4     -1.7
SphereYc1      Real4     1.0
SphereZc1      Real4     -9.0
SphereRad1     Real4     0.5
SphereDk1      Real4     1.0
SphereSk1      Real4     0.5
SphereAlp1     Real4     10.0
SphereRColor1  dw        0
SphereGColor1  dw        0
SphereBColor1  dw        255

SphereActive2  dw        0
SphereXc2      Real4     -1.3
SphereYc2      Real4     1.0
SphereZc2      Real4     -12.5
SphereRad2     Real4     0.5
SphereDk2      Real4     1.0
SphereSk2      Real4     0.5
SphereAlp2     Real4     10.0
SphereRColor2  dw        255
SphereGColor2  dw        0
SphereBColor2  dw        255

SphereActive3  dw        0
SphereXc3      Real4     -0.9
SphereYc3      Real4     1.0
SphereZc3      Real4     -16.0
SphereRad3     Real4     0.5
SphereDk3      Real4     1.0
SphereSk3      Real4     0.5
SphereAlp3     Real4     10.0
SphereRColor3  dw        0
SphereGColor3  dw        200
SphereBColor3  dw        50

SphereActive4  dw        0
SphereXc4      Real4     -0.5
SphereYc4      Real4     1.0
SphereZc4      Real4     -19.5
SphereRad4     Real4     0.5
SphereDk4      Real4     1.0
SphereSk4      Real4     0.5
SphereAlp4     Real4     10.0
SphereRColor4  dw        0
SphereGColor4  dw        255
SphereBColor4  dw        255

RodActive0     dw        0
RodXc0         Real4     2.1
RodYc0         Real4     0.0
RodZc0         Real4     -5.5
RodHeight0     Real4     3.5
RodRad0        Real4     0.5
RodDk0         Real4     1.0
RodSk0         Real4     0.6
RodAlp0        Real4     10.0
RodRColor0     dw        255
RodGColor0     dw        0
RodBColor0     dw        255

RodActive1     dw        0
RodXc1         Real4     1.7
RodYc1         Real4     0.0
RodZc1         Real4     -9.0
RodHeight1     Real4     3.0
RodRad1        Real4     0.5
RodDk1         Real4     1.0
RodSk1         Real4     1.0
RodAlp1        Real4     20.0
RodRColor1     dw        0
RodGColor1     dw        200
RodBColor1     dw        0

RodActive2     dw        0    
RodXc2         Real4     1.3
RodYc2         Real4     0.0
RodZc2         Real4     -12.5
RodHeight2     Real4     3.0
RodRad2        Real4     0.5
RodDk2         Real4     1.0
RodSk2         Real4     1.0
RodAlp2        Real4     20.0
RodRColor2     dw        255
RodGColor2     dw        30
RodBColor2     dw        255

RodActive3     dw        0
RodXc3         Real4     0.9
RodYc3         Real4     0.0
RodZc3         Real4     -16.0
RodHeight3     Real4     3.0
RodRad3        Real4     0.5
RodDk3         Real4     1.0
RodSk3         Real4     1.0
RodAlp3        Real4     20.0
RodRColor3     dw        30
RodGColor3     dw        255
RodBColor3     dw        180

RodActive4     dw        0
RodXc4         Real4     0.5
RodYc4         Real4     0.0
RodZc4         Real4     -19.5
RodHeight4     Real4     3.0
RodRad4        Real4     0.5
RodDk4         Real4     1.0
RodSk4         Real4     0.3
RodAlp4        Real4     20.0
RodRColor4     dw        124
RodGColor4     dw        233
RodBColor4     dw        189 

FlatsActive0   dw        0
Xeff0          Real4     1.0
Yeff0          Real4     0.0
Zeff0          Real4     1.0
FlatsConst0    Real4     -30.0
FlatsDk0       Real4     1.0
FlatsSk0       Real4     0.5
FlatsAlp0      Real4     10.0
FlatsRColor0   dw        0
FlatsGColor0   dw        0
FlatsBColor0   dw        150

FlatsActive1   dw        0
Xeff1          Real4     -1.0
Yeff1          Real4     0.0
Zeff1          Real4     1.0
FlatsConst1    Real4     -30.0
FlatsDk1       Real4     1.0
FlatsSk1       Real4     0.5
FlatsAlp1      Real4     10.0
FlatsRColor1   dw        0
FlatsGColor1   dw        0
FlatsBColor1   dw        150

FlatsActive2   dw        0
Xeff2          Real4     0.0
Yeff2          Real4     -1.0
Zeff2          Real4     1.0
FlatsConst2    Real4     -25.0
FlatsDk2       Real4     1.0
FlatsSk2       Real4     0.5
FlatsAlp2      Real4     10.0
FlatsRColor2   dw        0
FlatsGColor2   dw        0
FlatsBColor2   dw        150

FlatsActive3   dw        0
Xeff3          Real4     0.0
Yeff3          Real4     1.0
Zeff3          Real4     1.0
FlatsConst3    Real4     -25.0
FlatsDk3       Real4     1.0
FlatsSk3       Real4     0.7
FlatsAlp3      Real4     30.0
FlatsRColor3   dw        0
FlatsGColor3   dw        0
FlatsBColor3   dw        150

FlatsActive4   dw        0
Xeff4          Real4     0.0
Yeff4          Real4     0.0
Zeff4          Real4     1.0
FlatsConst4    Real4     -20.0
FlatsDk4       Real4     1.0
FlatsSk4       Real4     0.5
FlatsAlp4      Real4     10.0
FlatsRColor4   dw        0
FlatsGColor4   dw        0
FlatsBColor4   dw        150

Specularity    Real4     0.0

OrigCWord      dw        ?
RoundCWord     dw        ?
TwoToInt       dw        0
IntPart        dw        ?

Base           Real4     0.1
AlphaT         Real4     6.2
LogB2X         Real4     ?
check4         Real4     ?
One            Real4     1.0
ZeroNum        Real4     0.0


Tint           Real4     ?
TSaveInt       Real4     ?

TSave          Real4     ?
XSave          Real4     ?
YSave          Real4     ?
ZSave          Real4     ?

SecInt         db        ?

DotProd        Real4     ?
SpecDot        Real4     ?
SpecColor      Real4     ?
SpecCheck      dw        ?

ObjRedColor    dw        ?
ObjGreenColor  dw        ?
ObjBlueColor   dw        ?
ObjDk          Real4     ?
ObjSk          Real4     ?

Ball_0         Sphere    < >
BallScrew0     Sphere    < >
Ball_1         Sphere    < >
BallScrew1     Sphere    < >
Ball_2         Sphere    < >
BallScrew2     Sphere    < >
Ball_3         Sphere    < >
BallScrew3     Sphere    < >
Ball_4         Sphere    < >
BallScrew4     Sphere    < >
Rod_0          Cylinder  < >
RodScrew0      Cylinder  < >
Rod_1          Cylinder  < >
RodScrew1      Cylinder  < >
Rod_2          Cylinder  < >
RodScrew2      Cylinder  < >
Rod_3          Cylinder  < >
RodScrew3      Cylinder  < >
Rod_4          Cylinder  < >
RodScrew4      Cylinder  < >

IntersectRod   Cylinder  < >
IntersectFlats Plane     < >
IntersectBall  Sphere    < >
ShortBall      Sphere    < >
ShortRod       Cylinder  < >
ShortFlats     Plane     < >

CurrentIndex   dw        ?
ShortIndex     dw        ?


Flats_0        Plane     < >
Flats_1        Plane     < >
Flats_2        Plane     < >
Flats_3        Plane     < >
Flats_4        Plane     < >

Tshort         Real4     9999.9
Tcurrent       Real4     ?

XintCurr       Real4     ?
YintCurr       Real4     ?
ZintCurr       Real4     ?

Xint           Real4     ?
Yint           Real4     ?
Zint           Real4     ?

CurrentDistInt dd        ?
ShortDistInt   dd        9999999

Ray            PixelRay  < >
;Ball          Sphere    < >
Rod            Cylinder  < >
Flats          Plane     < >
Origin0        Origin    < >
Bulb           LSource   < >
CylNorm        Vector    < >
SphereNorm     Vector    < >
LightRay       Vector    < >
ReflectRay     Vector    < >